{"id":1167,"date":"2012-11-06T15:17:05","date_gmt":"2012-11-06T15:17:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.scottlewisphotography.eu\/?p=1167"},"modified":"2012-11-06T15:17:05","modified_gmt":"2012-11-06T15:17:05","slug":"before-there-was-photoshop","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.scottlewisphotography.eu\/?p=1167","title":{"rendered":"Before there was Photoshop….."},"content":{"rendered":"

Intro<\/strong><\/h1>\n

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photo magazine from 1941 with photo manipulation tips<\/em><\/p>\n

The other day I came across some examples of “Photo manipulation” prior to Photoshop. Image manipulation in the dark room is nothing new but it took a whole lot more patients, skill and time. NO undo or save button. Much has been made over Photoshops ability to distort reality, and perhaps lower the standards for image capture as young photographers assume they can \u201cfix it in post.\u201d However, almost all of these abilities have existed as long as there have been photographs to alter, albeit with a little more manual labour. As people were not as aware of the the possibilities photo manipulation was a powerful tool for both propergander and art alike<\/p>\n

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Examples<\/strong><\/h1>\n
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Benito Mussolini had the horse handler removed from the original photograph – Circa<\/em> 1942<\/em><\/div>\n
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Composite of 3 photos, General Ulysses S. Grant in front of his troops at City Point, Virginia – Circa<\/em> 1864<\/em><\/div>\n
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Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov\u00a0was removed from the original photograph after falling out of favour with Stalin – Circa<\/em> 1930<\/em><\/div>\n
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Queen Elizabeth and Canadian Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King in Banff, Alberta. King George VI was removed from the original photograph and used as an election poster for the Prime Minister – Circa<\/em> 1939<\/em><\/div>\n
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The \u201cGang of Four\u201d were removed from this photograph of a memorial ceremony for Mao Tse-Tung held at Tiananmen Square – Circa<\/em> 1976<\/em><\/div>\n
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General Sherman is posing with his several of his Generals. General Francis P. Blair (far right) was added to the original photograph and an item in the foreground is removed- Circa<\/em> 1865<\/em><\/div>\n
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for some reason Adolf Hitler had Joseph Goebbels (second from the right) removed from the original photograph, ok I wouldn’t want to be in a photo with\u00a0 Goebbels<\/em> but then I would edit Hitler<\/em> out as well – Circa<\/em> 1937<\/em><\/div>\n
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U.S. President Abraham Lincoln is a composite of Lincoln\u2019s head and the Southern politician John Calhoun\u2019s body by Mathew Brady John C. Calhoun portrait and retouch artist unknown Circa 1860<\/em><\/div>\n
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Mao Tse-tung (right) had Po Ku (left) removed from the original photograph, after Po Ku fell out of favor with Mao – Circa<\/em> 1936<\/em><\/div>\n
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In the Darkroom<\/strong><\/h1>\n
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Non-digital method of altering photographs, darkroom manipulation involves dodging, burning, and masking \u2013 techniques that are similar to digital manipulations with the exception that everything is done by hand. One master of darkroom manipulation is American photographer Jerry N. Uelsmann, whose works have been featured in the television series The Outer Limits, Stephen King\u2019s Salem\u2019s Lot (illustrated edition), and Train of Thought \u2013 Dream Theater\u2019s seventh studio album.<\/div>\n
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In the pre-digital era, freehand airbrushing has been employed to alter photographs by concealing the signs that a photo has been \u201cdoctored\u201d or retouched. During the dictatorship of Joseph Stalin, \u201cundesirable\u201d officials have been removed from photographs during the Great Purge using airbrushes (see above in the examples) .<\/div>\n
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Joan Crawford, by Geoge Hurrell<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

To illustrate how sophisticated these albumen print composites could be, its amazing to observe Henry Peach Robinson\u2019s 1858 piece \u201cFading Away.\u201d This somewhat morbid image, depicting a young woman\u2019s last moments, is actually a composite based on 5 separate negative images.<\/div>\n
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Fading Away by Henry Peach Robinson 1859<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Robert Johnson, The Art of Retouching Photographic Negatives -1930<\/em><\/p>\n

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Man Juggling His Own Head – Circa 1880<\/em><\/p>\n

Photoshop version 1.0 started shipping in February of 1990. It was originally designed by a college professor named Glenn Knoll who maintained a darkroom in his basement. Many of the early tools and icons were modelled after tools of the traditional darkroom, such as dodging and burning. Personally I dont use a lot of Photoshop as I do almost everything in “lightroom” (the digital Darkroom).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Intro<\/strong><\/h1>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

photo magazine from 1941 with photo manipulation tips<\/em><\/p>\n

The other day I came across some examples of “Photo manipulation” prior to Photoshop. Image manipulation in the dark room is nothing new but it took a whole lot more patients, skill and time. NO undo or save button. Much has been made over Photoshops ability to distort reality, and perhaps lower the standards for image capture as young photographers assume they can \u201cfix it in post.\u201d However, almost all of these abilities have existed as long as there have been photographs to alter, albeit with a little more manual labour. As people were not as aware of the the possibilities photo manipulation was a powerful tool for both propergander and art alike<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(more…) «Before there was Photoshop…..»” class=”more-link”>(more…)<\/span> «Before there was Photoshop…..»<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"spay_email":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false},"categories":[154,197],"tags":[1457,398,406,397,405,400,414,196,413,410,408,409,396,399,22,1448,395,404,402,415,403,412,401,407,411],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1RSHE-iP","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.scottlewisphotography.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1167"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.scottlewisphotography.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.scottlewisphotography.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.scottlewisphotography.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.scottlewisphotography.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1167"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"http:\/\/www.scottlewisphotography.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1167\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1183,"href":"http:\/\/www.scottlewisphotography.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1167\/revisions\/1183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.scottlewisphotography.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1167"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.scottlewisphotography.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1167"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.scottlewisphotography.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1167"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}